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基因组标记H3K36me2招募DNMT3A并塑造基因间DNA甲基化格局
Daniel N Weinberg1, Simon Papillon-Cavanagh2, Haifen Chen2
1Laboratory of Chromatin Biology and Epigenetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|September 6, 2019
概括
基因组甲基转移酶NSD1将DNA甲基转移酶DNMT3A引入基因间区域,保持DNA甲基化. 突变会破坏这种途径,将异常甲基化与发育障碍和癌症联系起来.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学和基因调控
- 分子生物学
- 发育生物学
背景情况:
- DNA甲基化对哺乳动物的发育和细胞命运至关重要,DNA甲基转移酶 (DNMTs) 起着关键作用.
- 虽然基因转基因改变会影响基因促进体的DNA甲基化,但基因间DNA甲基化的机制仍然不清楚.
- 塔顿- 布朗- 拉赫曼综合征 (TBRS) 和索托斯综合征,分别与DNMT3A和NSD1相关,表明存在联系.
研究的目的:
- 阐明控制基因间DNA甲基化的机制.
- 研究NSD1,DNMT3A和DNA甲基化在发育障碍和癌症之间的联系.
主要方法:
- 对DNMT3A定位和活性进行全基因组分析.
- 在体外结合测定DNMT3A的PWWP域与基因组修饰.
- 在小鼠细胞中对Nsd1和Nsd2进行基因切除.
- 在患者样本中分析基因间DNA甲基化.
主要成果:
- 通过NSD1介导的H3K36me2对于DNMT3A的招募和在基因间区域的DNA甲基化维护至关重要.
- DNMT3A与H3K36me2在非颜色编码区域进行同位化.
- Nsd1/Nsd2的损失导致DNMT3A的重新分配和减少基因间DNA甲基化.
- 患有索托斯综合征和NSD1突变瘤的患者表现出基因间低甲基化.
- DNMT3A的PWWP域与H3K36me2的亲和力比H3K36me3更高,而TBRS突变会影响这种相互作用.
结论:
- NSD1-H3K36me2的相互作用对于将DNMT3A招募到基因间区域至关重要,建立了一个新的跨染色体调节途径.
- 由此途径中断导致的异常基因间CpG甲基化与人类发育过度生长的疾病和癌症有关.
- 这一发现为TBRS和索托斯综合征的分子基础提供了洞察力.
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