沙赫尔地区疟疾蚊子的长途迁徙
Diana L Huestis1, Adama Dao2, Moussa Diallo2
1Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA.
Nature
|October 4, 2019
概括
疟疾载体通过风向远方迁移, 携带病原体. 控制这些以风传播的蚊子对于消除疟疾至关重要, 这项研究提供了这一现象的第一个证据.
科学领域:
- 昆虫学
- 流行病学
- 航空生物学
背景情况:
- 全球的疟疾控制工作已经减少了病例,
- 旱季地区持续存在的疟疾表明蚊子可能会长途迁徙.
- 对于有效的疟疾控制策略来说,了解传播媒介的传播至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究非洲疟疾载体长途迁移的假设.
- 提供风传播蚊子和传染病原体的证据.
- 通过迁移载体量化潜在病原体运输的规模.
主要方法:
- 在马里,在地面40-290米的高度上空采集蚊子样本.
- 在夜间收集超过617个实例, 识别了10个Anopheles物种.
- 在捕获的雌性蚊子中分析血粉状况,并模拟飞行轨迹.
主要成果:
- 确认非洲疟疾载体的风传播迁移,包括Anopheles coluzzii.
- 超过80%的捕获蚊子是雌性蚊子,
- 模拟显示每晚的迁移可能高达300公里,每年有数百万载体迁移.
结论:
- 每年有数以百万计的疟疾携带者通过风流迁移数百公里.
- 移徙媒介可能对长途疟疾传播有很大影响.
- 识别和控制这些迁移载体的来源对于消除疟疾至关重要.
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