全球野生动物贸易
Brett R Scheffers1, Brunno F Oliveira2,3, Ieuan Lamb4
1Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. brett.scheffers@ufl.edu david.edwards@sheffield.ac.uk.
概括
全球野生动物贸易威胁着5500多种物种, 预计将有多达8775种物种处于危险之中. 积极的保护政策对于打击这种灭绝驱动因素至关重要.
科学领域:
- 保护生物学
- 生态学
- 生物多样性科学
背景情况:
- 全球野生动物贸易是一个重要的经济产业,也是物种灭绝的主要驱动因素.
- 目前约有18%的陆地鸟类,哺乳动物,两动物和状爬行动物物种参与全球贸易.
- 贸易模式表现出强大的遗传保护,热带地区的生物多样性是主要的贸易中心.
研究的目的:
- 评估目前全球野生动物贸易的范围及其基因和特征驱动因素.
- 根据基因组替代和特征相似性,预测未来受野生动物贸易影响的物种.
- 突显对野生动物贸易采取主动保护战略的迫切需要.
主要方法:
- 对陆地脊椎动物 (鸟类,哺乳动物,两动物,状爬行动物) 的全球贸易数据进行分析.
- 植物遗传学比较方法以确定保存的贸易模式.
- 基于特征的分析,以预测对未来贸易脆弱的物种.
- 建模以估计贸易带来的危险物种总数.
主要成果:
- 目前有5579个陆地物种 (约. 超过31,500个) 的18%在全球范围内进行交易.
- 野生动物贸易在遗传学上受到保护,主要集中在热带生物多样性热点地区.
- 预计未来的贸易将影响另外3196种物种,使危险物种总数达到8775种.
- 由于贸易,物种可以迅速从不受到威胁的状态转变为危的状态.
结论:
- 全球野生动物贸易对生物多样性构成重大和不断升级的威胁.
- 目前的贸易影响了大量物种,未来的风险预计将大幅增加.
- 为了减轻野生动物贸易带来的灭绝危机,
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