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相关概念视频

ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps01:34

ATP Driven Pumps II: P-type Pumps

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The P-type pumps are a large family of integral membrane transporter ATPases. They are divided into five major types based on substrate specificity, from I to V.
A typical P-type pump has three cytosolic domains: nucleotide-binding (N), phosphorylation (P), and activator (A) domains. These domains are connected to the membrane-spanning helices by short amino acid segments. ATP hydrolysis and covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate formation are crucial parts of the catalytic cycle. At the highly...
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ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps01:30

ATP Driven Pumps III: V-type Pumps

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V-type pumps are ATP-driven pumps found in the vacuolar membranes of plants, yeast, endosomal and lysosomal membranes of animal cells, plasma membranes of a few specialized eukaryotic cells, and some prokaryotes. They are also known as the V1Vo-ATPase, that couple ATP hydrolysis to transport protons against a concentration gradient.
The peripheral or cytosolic V1 domain with eight subunits is involved in ATP hydrolysis. The integral or transmembrane V0 domain containing at least five subunits...
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ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview01:27

ATP Driven Pumps I: An Overview

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ATP-driven pumps, also known as transport ATPases, are integral membrane proteins. They have binding sites for ATP located on the membrane's cytosolic side and the ion-conducting domain in the transmembrane region. These pumps use the free energy released from ATP hydrolysis to move the solutes across cell membranes against an electrochemical gradient.
There are four main types of ATP-driven pumps - P-type, V-type, F-type, and ABC transporter. All these pumps are of varying complexities and...
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Primary Active Transport01:29

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction they would...
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Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters01:19

Membrane Asymmetry Regulating Transporters

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Enzymes like flippase, floppase, and scramblase transfer phospholipids from one layer to another in the membrane, thereby affecting membrane asymmetry.
Flippase
Eukaryotic flippases are type-IV P-type ATPases or P4-ATPases belonging to P-type ATPase family proteins that are membrane-bound pumps involved in the ATP-mediated transport of ions and molecules across the membrane. Flippases flip specific phospholipids from the outer to the inner leaflet of a membrane. All P4-ATPases have one...
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一个分子双

Yunyan Qiu1, Long Zhang1, Cristian Pezzato1

  • 1Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 18, 2019
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员开发了一种分子双 (MDP), 这种人工分子机器提供了可控的捕获和释放,

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科学领域:

  • 超分子化学
  • 纳米技术
  • 化学工程

背景情况:

  • 人工分子机器 (AMM) 使用能量来控制分子运动.
  • 机械互锁分子 (MIM) 构成了AMM的基础,其运动通过改变动力障碍和热力学井来控制.
  • 之前的工作建立了人造分子 (AMP),用于对分子进行序列环.

研究的目的:

  • 报告一个由两个关联的AMP组成的新型分子双 (MDP).
  • 通过氧化还原特性来证明单个环的线性,受控的输送.
  • 展示MDP的捕获和释放分子的能力.

主要方法:

  • 建立一个与两个单独的AMP连接的MDP.
  • 利用氧化还原特性来控制动作.
  • 使用非共价相互作用和能量杆机制来捕获和释放分子.
  • 用于监测单向运动和受控捕获/释放的1D和2D1HNMR光谱.

主要成果:

  • MDP成功地实现了单个环的单向,线性入和出分子.
  • 证明了环的受控捕获和随后释放到溶液中.
  • 通过NMR光谱和对照实验验证实了该系统的功能.

结论:

  • 开发的MDP代表了AMM的重大进步,证明了对分子运输的精确控制.
  • 这项工作是能够进行膜传输的更复杂AMM的前体,类似于bacteriorhodopsin等生物系统.
  • 它为未来具有可编程货物接收和释放功能的分子运输平台奠定了基础.