人类发育中的表达和拼接的遗传控制,为疾病机制提供了信息
Rebecca L Walker1, Gokul Ramaswami2, Christopher Hartl3
1Department of Neurology, Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 695 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Program in Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Bioinformatics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
在产前大脑发育过程中的遗传变异显著影响神经精神疾病的风险. 这项研究确定了关键的调节区域和参与精神分裂症和自闭症等疾病的基因.
科学领域:
- 神经遗传学
- 发展神经科学
- 精神遗传学
背景情况:
- 特定组织的调节区域对于遗传疾病风险至关重要.
- 大脑发育是神经精神疾病易感的一个关键时期.
研究的目的:
- 在怀孕中期人类大脑发育过程中对转录组的遗传控制进行描述.
- 确定与神经精神疾病风险相关的产前调节区域.
- 在精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍中发现新的候选风险基因和共享/特定阶段机制.
主要方法:
- 在201个怀孕中期人类大脑中分析基因表达定量特征位点 (eQTL) 和拼接定量特征位点 (sQTL).
- 整合eQTL和sQTL数据与使用全转录组关联的全基因组关联研究 (GWAS).
- 基因网络分析以确定精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍中受影响的共同表达模块.
主要成果:
- 确定了7962个eQTL和4635个sQTL,其中包括数千个产前特定的监管区域.
- 证明神经精神疾病的遗传责任与产前eQTL和sQTL有关.
- 发现了几十种新的精神分裂症候选风险基因,突出了共同的和特定阶段的机制.
- 证据表明精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍会影响不同的发育基因共同表达模块.
- 在模块内常见和罕见的遗传变异的融合,涉及到自闭症谱系障碍的表面皮质神经元.
结论:
- 产前基因调节对神经精神疾病易感性起着重要作用.
- 在发育过程中,共享和独特的遗传机制是精神分裂症和自闭症谱系障碍的基础.
- 发育事件对成年人大脑功能和行为有广泛的影响,受遗传变异的影响.
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