地震和卡斯卡迪亚缓慢滑动事件的类似缩放规律
Sylvain Michel1,2,3, Adriano Gualandi4,5, Jean-Philippe Avouac4,6
1California Institute of Technology, Department of Geology and Planetary Sciences, Pasadena, CA, USA. sylvain_michel@live.fr.
Nature
|October 25, 2019
概括
缓慢滑动事件是一种断层滑动,表现出立方时刻持续缩放,类似于地震. 这表明,地震和无地震滑动事件都具有类似的动态特性,控制它们的破裂.
科学领域:
- 地质学
- 构造学
- 地震学
背景情况:
- 断层表现出偶发的地震滑动 (地震) 和暂时的无地震滑动事件,称为缓慢滑动事件.
- 之前的研究表明缓慢滑动事件遵循时刻持续的比例,与地震中观察到的立方缩放不同.
研究的目的:
- 调查缓慢滑动事件的缩放规律.
- 为了比较缓慢滑动事件与常规地震的尺度特性.
主要方法:
- 对卡斯卡迪亚大震荡 (2007-2017年) 缓慢滑动事件的新目录的分析.
- 对表面变形测量进行反转以描述事件属性.
- 检查瞬间-持续缩放,瞬间-断裂面积缩放和频率-大小关系.
主要成果:
- 卡斯卡迪亚巨震的缓慢滑动事件更有可能遵循立方时刻持续缩放规律,类似于地震.
- 这些事件显示的瞬间与断裂面积 (A) 乘以3/2 (M A^{\displaystyle A^{\mathrm {A} }^{\mathrm {A} }^{\mathrm {A} }^{\mathrm {A} }^{\mathrm {A} }^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} }^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{\mathrm {A} ^{2} ^{2})).
- 缓慢滑动事件也遵循古堡 - 里赫特关系,并表现出类似脉冲的断裂.
结论:
- 缓慢滑动事件的缩放特性与常规地震非常相似.
- 这种相似性表明,可比的动态原理控制着地震和无地震断层滑动.
- 这些发现挑战了之前关于不同类型故障滑动的不同缩放行为的假设.
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