草原和森林的关节动物减少与景观水平的驱动因素有关
Sebastian Seibold1,2, Martin M Gossner3, Nadja K Simons4,5
1Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany. sebastian.seibold@tum.de.
Nature
|November 1, 2019
概括
在草原和森林中, 关节动物种群正在显著下降, 生物质和物种的大量损失. 这些下降与景观水平的农业实践有关,表明需要更广泛的保护策略.
科学领域:
- 生态学
- 生物多样性科学
- 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 最近的报道显示,关节动物数量大幅下降和本地灭绝.
- 土地使用的强化被认为是生物多样性减少的主要驱动因素.
- 在了解土地使用梯度的多地关节动物种群动态方面存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 分析关节动物数量和生物质的多地点时间序列数据.
- 研究土地使用强度和类型对关节动物多样性和丰度的影响.
- 确定关节动物生物量和多样性下降是否相互关联.
主要方法:
- 德国150个草原和140个森林地区的2008-2017年节肢动物的标准化库存.
- 分析了超过100万个关节动物 (约. 2,700个物种).
- 对不同息地和食物层次的生物质,丰度和物种数量的时间趋势的统计分析.
主要成果:
- 草原和森林的整体玛多样性均有所减少.
- 草原显示了67%的生物量,78%的丰富性和34%的物种减少;在食物层面上,这种下降是一致的.
- 森林的生物质减少了41%,物种减少了36%; 减少影响了稀有和丰富的物种,并因食物水平而异.
结论:
- 在草原和森林中,关节动物生物量,数量和物种丰富性的广泛下降是显而易见的.
- 关节动物的消失并不局限于开放的息地,
- 关节动物减少的驱动因素似乎在更大的空间尺度上起作用,景观水平的农业是一个重要的因素,特别是在草原.
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