未来无冰川盆地的大量水电和储水潜力
Daniel Farinotti1,2, Vanessa Round3,4, Matthias Huss3,4,5
1Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. daniel.farinotti@ethz.ch.
Nature
|November 15, 2019
概括
由于气候变化导致的冰川退缩可能释放出大量的储水和水电潜力. 脱冰盆地可以提供大量的能源,特别是在高山亚洲.
科学领域:
- 冰川学与气候科学
- 水电工程
- 环境资源管理
背景情况:
- 气候变化正在推动全球前所未有的冰川退缩.
- 关注的是水资源短缺和危险等负面影响.
- 新兴的无冰区为储水和发电提供了新的机会.
研究的目的:
- 量化变得没有冰的地区的潜在水储和水电容量.
- 根据环境,技术和经济因素,评估这些新兴资源的适用性.
- 确定具有重大潜力的地区,特别是在高山亚洲.
主要方法:
- 使用气候驱动的冰川演变模型来预测变化.
- 使用地形分析来估计储量和水电潜力.
- 进行了第一阶段的适用性评估,包括关键可行性因素.
主要成果:
- 估计的理论最大总储量为875 ± 260公里,水电潜力为1,355 ± 515 TWh/年.
- 确定大约40%的潜力 (355±105千米3和533±200千瓦时/年) 可能适合实现.
- 预计到2050年,将有四分之三的潜在储量出现,能够保留每年一半的排水量.
结论:
- 脱冰盆地提供了大量未开发的水储和水电潜力.
- 这些资源可以为国家能源供应做出重大贡献,特别是在高山亚洲.
- 具体地点的评估对于评估当地影响和开发的可行性至关重要.
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