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相关概念视频

What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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What is Gene Expression?01:42

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
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Analyzing Gene Expression from Marine Microbial Communities using Environmental Transcriptomics
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基因表达的变化和社区的营业额不同地塑造了全球海洋转录基因组

Guillem Salazar1, Lucas Paoli1, Adriana Alberti2

  • 1Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland.

Cell
|November 16, 2019
PubMed
概括

全球海洋微生物转录组揭示了基因表达和社区组成如何塑造海洋生态系统. 极地地区可能会比海洋变暖的基因表达变化更多的社区变化.

关键词:
塔拉海洋生物地质化学社区营业额生态系统生物学基因表达的变化全球海洋微生物群转基因组转录组微生物生态学海洋变暖

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科学领域:

  • 海洋微生物学
  • 海洋生物地质学
  • 环境基因组学

背景情况:

  • 海洋微生物群落对全球生物地化学,食物网和气候至关重要.
  • 之前的研究集中在微生物分类学和基因组学上,对全球转录组变异的理解有限.

研究的目的:

  • 提供全球海洋转录组和转基因组的综合数据集.
  • 建立一个大型基因资源来研究社区级的转录组.
  • 通过环境梯度研究转录组的形成机制.

主要方法:

  • 从126个全球采样站收集了187个转录组和370个转基因组.
  • 开发了4700万个基因的资源.
  • 分析了基因表达变化和社区在深度和度上的流动.

主要成果:

  • 从极点到极点进行社区级转录.
  • 鉴定了基因表达和社区周转对转录基因特征的不同贡献.
  • 与非极地水域相比,极地水域的基因表达变化相对贡献较低.

结论:

  • 海洋微生物转录组是由基因表达和社区组成组成的.
  • 在极地地区的基因表达变化作用较小.
  • 极地地区的海洋变暖影响可能更多是由社区转移而不是基因调节所驱动.