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相关概念视频

DNA Microarrays02:34

DNA Microarrays

20.5K
Microarrays are high-throughput and relatively inexpensive assays that can be automated to analyze large quantities of data at a time. They are used in genome-wide studies to compare gene or protein expression under two varied conditions, such as healthy and diseased states. Microarrays consist of glass or silica slides on which probe molecules are covalently attached through surface functionalization. Most commonly, the slides are prepared through the chemisorption of silanes to silica...
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What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

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Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
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What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

10.6K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

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Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

4.0K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
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Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

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Determining Genetic Expression Profiles in C. elegans Using Microarray and Real-time PCR
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基因表达地图

Mor Nitzan1,2,3, Nikos Karaiskos4, Nir Friedman5,6

  • 1John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Nature
|November 22, 2019
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

研究人员开发了一种新的方法,在没有先前知识的情况下重建组织中的空间基因表达. 这种方法有助于了解各种动物组织中的细胞通信和组织.

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Droplet Barcoding-Based Single Cell Transcriptomics of Adult Mammalian Tissues

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科学领域:

  • 单细胞基因组学
  • 空间转录学
  • 计算生物学

背景情况:

  • 单细胞的多重化RNA测序正在彻底改变生命科学.
  • 用于单细胞分析的组织分离导致空间信息丢失.
  • 现有的空间重建方法通常依赖于不存在的标记基因.

研究的目的:

  • 从单细胞RNA测序数据重建空间细胞位置和基因表达的新计算框架.
  • 克服现有方法的局限性,这些方法需要先前了解标记基因.
  • 在动物组织中确定基因表达的组织原理.

主要方法:

  • 作为概率嵌入的通用最佳运输问题制定了空间重建.
  • 开发了一种高效的代算法来解决最佳运输问题.
  • 将框架 ("novoSpaRc") 应用于包括哺乳动物组织,胚胎和整个生物体在内的各种生物样本.

主要成果:

  • 成功重建了各种动物组织的空间基因表达模式,
  • 在重建的组织中识别出具有空间信息性的基因.
  • 证明附近细胞的转录形状通常比远处细胞更相似,揭示了一个组织原理.

结论:

  • 在不依赖特定标记基因的情况下,novoSpaRc框架能够准确地重建细胞和基因表达.
  • 可以利用基因表达的组织原理来推断细胞的位置.
  • 该方法具有多功能性,与任何单细胞技术兼容,并且可以结合先前的空间信息.