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Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers01:24

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Copolymers

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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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块共聚合物玻璃

Jacob J Lessard1, Georg M Scheutz1, Seung Hyun Sung2

  • 1George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center of Macromolecular Science, Department of Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 4, 2019
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

与玻璃材料合并的块共聚物可以对流量和变形进行纳米控制. 由于控制的拓和微相分离,这种新型块玻璃体具有增强的爬行阻力.

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学
  • 聚合物化学
  • 病理学

背景情况:

  • 玻璃体是具有关联性交叉链接的动态聚合物网络,可实现流动和再处理.
  • 块共聚物为聚合物架构提供了精确的控制和纳米结构的自组装.
  • 结合这些材料可以产生具有可调节粘弹性的高级聚合物.

研究的目的:

  • 将块共聚物与玻璃物合并,以对关联交叉链动态和流量进行纳米控制.
  • 调查这些新块玻璃器的结构属性关系.
  • 探索对粘弹性行为进行拓控制的潜力.

主要方法:

  • 使用受控聚合技术合成具有定义结构和分子重量的块共聚物.
  • 从这些自组装块共聚物中制成的玻璃.
  • 具有粘弹性和耐宏观变形的特性.

主要成果:

  • 与统计共聚合物类似物相比,来自块共聚合物的玻璃体具有较强的抗宏观变形性.
  • 控制的聚合物允许精确调整聚合物结构和分子量,影响结构属性效应.
  • 在块玻璃体中观察到增强的爬行阻力,归因于受控链拓和微相分离.

结论:

  • 块玻璃体是一种具有拓控制粘弹性流动的新材料.
  • 区块玻璃的微相分离结构是它们增强对变形的关键.
  • 这些发现为设计具有特定应用特性的先进材料打开了道路.