在除过程中使用的电极凝的火花生成特性. 一个潜在的火灾危险
R S Hummel1, J P Ornato, S M Weinberg
1Division of Biomedical Engineering, Medical College of Virginia, Richmond 23298.
JAMA
|November 25, 1988
概括
电极凝具有高电阻,可以在除过程中过热,液化和火花. 低阻抗凝在高电流医疗应用中更安全. 需要新的联邦标准来识别安全的电极凝.
科学领域:
- 医疗器械安全 医疗器械安全
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 医疗保健中的电气安全
背景情况:
- 在富含氧气的环境中,除尝试可能会带来火灾风险.
- 在除过程中,电极凝对于有效的电导是至关重要的.
- 之前的事件凸显出需要评估凝的安全性质.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估常用的电极凝的火花产生潜力.
- 为了确定电极凝阻抗和电放电特性之间的关系.
- 为制定除电极凝的安全标准提供信息.
主要方法:
- 测试了七种流行的电极凝,使用重复的360-J电放电进行测试.
- 在模拟的重症监护室环境中,对50欧姆负荷进行了测试.
- 测量的关键参数包括初始阻抗,电流流量,温度和火花产生.
主要成果:
- 具有较低初始阻抗 (7 ± 1 Ω) 的凝支持高电流 (51 ± 1 A),保持凉爽 (27 33 °C),并且不会发出火花.
- 具有高起始阻抗 (125 ± 14 Ω) 的凝表现出较低的电流 (26 ± 2 A),加热显著 (52 ± 2°C),液化,并在45次放电后引发火花.
- 发射火花与更高的初始阻抗和随后的加热直接相关.
结论:
- 电极凝阻抗是防止除过程中发生火花的关键因素.
- 高阻抗凝由于过热和潜在的点火,造成了重大安全风险.
- 建议制定联邦标准,以标记高电流应用的安全电极凝.
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