爬行动物中的密室及其在慢波睡眠中的作用
Hiroaki Norimoto1, Lorenz A Fenk1, Hsing-Hsi Li1
1Max Planck Institute for Brain Research, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Nature
|February 14, 2020
概括
研究人员在爬行动物,特别是澳大利亚的胡子龙中发现了克劳斯特鲁姆的同类. 这种古老的大脑结构对于在慢波睡眠中产生尖波来说至关重要,
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 比较解剖学
- 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 哺乳动物的前脑结构因其广泛的连接性而涉及到决策和意识等复杂的认知功能.
- 跨越不同脊椎动物类的特定大脑结构的进化起源和保存功能仍然是一个活跃的研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 调查爬行动物中的一个体同类的存在和功能.
- 确定这种爬行动物的关闭在大脑活动中的作用, 特别是在睡眠期间.
- 为了探索的进化历史.
主要方法:
- 使用单细胞转录学和病毒追踪来识别和绘制澳大利亚胡须龙 (Pogona vitticeps) 的关节.
- 进行了损伤研究,以评估关节损伤对与睡眠相关的大脑活动的影响.
- 用途追踪和神经化学调制 (血清素) 来了解连接性和功能影响.
主要成果:
- 在Pogona vitticeps中鉴定出一个关闭的对应物,在慢波睡眠中产生尖的波.
- 在关节中产生的尖波传播到背心室脊 (DVR).
- 关闭性损伤消除了尖波波纹的产生,而不会影响基本的睡眠节奏; 血清激素调节改变了尖波波动.
结论:
- 爬行动物关闭体在慢波睡眠中产生尖的波浪中起着关键作用,这种功能可能在脊椎动物中保留.
- 幽室是一个古老的大脑结构,可能存在于爬行动物和哺乳动物的共同脊椎动物祖先中.
- 它在睡眠现象中的广泛连接性和作用表明它在调节大脑状态方面发挥着重要作用.
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