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源自上游水性地幔过渡区的内部火山活动
Jianfeng Yang1, Manuele Faccenda2
1Dipartimento di Geoscienze, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy.
Nature
|February 28, 2020
概括
内板和小点火山活动,以前无法解释,与太平洋板块与水性地幔过渡区相互作用有关. 这种相互作用释放了水,创造了低速度的地幔区域,并推动了火山活动.
科学领域:
- 地质学
- 地质化学
- 构造学
背景情况:
- 传统的地球岩石模型 (中海山脊,沉降区,地幔羽毛) 无法解释中国东北部的纪板内火山和日本近海的小火山.
- 这些火山类型与地幔过渡区 (410-660公里深) 上方和下方的异常低地震速度区域有关.
- 一个统一的解释这些广泛的地质现象一直缺乏.
研究的目的:
- 提供板内部和小点火山活动以及相关的低速度地幔区域的全面解释.
- 探讨地板和地幔水化在形成这些地质特征中的作用.
- 测试从地幔过渡区释放的水驱动观测到的火山运动的假设.
主要方法:
- 纪内板和小点火山活动的分析.
- 来自地幔过渡区的地震速度数据的整合.
- 与水性地幔过渡区的潜流板相互作用的数值建模.
主要成果:
- 太平洋板块和水性地幔过渡区之间的相互作用解释了日本海底板块周围的大多数内板和小点火山活动.
- 数字模型表明,由于板块沉降和退缩而从过渡区释放的0.2-0.3%的水可以重现观察到的低速度区域.
- 这种机制解释了在地幔中观察到的火山活动和地震异常.
结论:
- 由潜伏驱动的地幔过渡区的水积累和随后的释放是板内和小点火山活动的关键机制.
- 这一过程可能解释了在Tethyan构造带内的其他沉降区观察到的类似现象.
- 这些发现突显了地幔水化和水循环在地球岩过程中的重要作用.
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