APOE4导致血脑屏障功能障碍,预测认知能力下降
Axel Montagne1, Daniel A Nation1,2,3,4, Abhay P Sagare1
1Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nature
|May 8, 2020
概括
阿波利波蛋白E4 (APOE4) 基因变异与血脑屏障 (BBB) 的破坏有关,导致独立于阿尔茨海默病病理学的认知衰退. 这种BBB功能障碍可能是治疗APOE4载体的目标.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 遗传学
- 血管生物学
背景情况:
- 血管痴呆症和阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 越来越多地被认可.
- 血脑屏障 (BBB) 的破坏是认知功能障碍的早期生物标志物,包括早期的AD阶段.
- 无脂蛋白E4 (APOE4) 变体加速BBB分解和细胞周围细胞退化.
研究的目的:
- 调查APOE4对脑血管的影响是否会导致认知障碍.
- 确定BBB分解是否与特定大脑区域的APOE4基因型有关.
- 探索BBB完整性,APOE4和认知衰退之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用脑成像和脑脊液 (CSF) 生物标志物的APOE4载体与非载体的BBB完整性的比较.
- 通过脑脊液和正电子发射断层扫描 (PET) 测量粉素β和tau病理.
- 在CSF中评估BBB细胞周围细胞损伤 (可溶性PDGFRβ) 和BBB降解途径 (cyclophilin A-matrix metalloproteinase-9).
主要成果:
- 患有APOE4的个体在海马和叶中表现出BBB分解,即使在没有认知障碍的携带者中也是如此.
- BBB分解的严重程度与认知障碍相关,并且独立于粉样β和tau病理.
- 脑脊液中可溶性PDGFRβ的升高预示着未来APOE4载体的认知能力下降,这与BBB降解酶活性的增加有关.
结论:
- 血脑屏障的破坏有助于APOE4相关的认知衰退,独立于阿尔茨海默病的病理.
- BBB功能障碍是APOE4载体认知障碍的一个关键因素.
- 针对BBB完整性可能为经历认知衰退的APOE4载体提供治疗策略.
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