纳米粒子表面的阴离子功能组的空间分布对细菌活力和膜相互作用的影响
Yongqian Zhang1, Natalie V Hudson-Smith2, Seth D Frand3
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Chemistry, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 14, 2020
概括
阳性纳米颗粒的表面电荷呈现,而不仅仅是密度,决定了细菌毒性. 具有聚合物连接的纳米粒子会造成显著的损伤,与具有短连接物的纳米粒子不同,突出显示了空间分布的作用.
科学领域:
- 纳米技术
- 材料科学
- 微生物学
背景情况:
- 有正电荷的纳米材料经常表现出细胞毒性.
- 分子表面电荷分布对纳米粒子生物相互作用的影响尚不清楚.
- 格拉姆阴性细菌膜为纳米粒子相互作用提供了一个复杂的接口.
研究的目的:
- 研究纳米颗粒上的阴离子表面电荷的分子长度和构造如何影响与细菌膜的相互作用.
- 用不同的阴离子表面分子功能化纳米颗粒的细胞毒性进行比较.
- 阐明空间电荷分布在纳米粒子诱导的生物效应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 使用五种不同的阴离子分子 (四种小体,一种聚合物) 的钻石纳米颗粒表面的系统功能化.
- 使用核磁共振 (NMR) 和X射线光电谱 (XPS) 进行纳米粒子表面修饰的特征.
- 使用基于细菌生长的活力 (GBV) 试验和膜损伤试验评估细菌活力和膜损伤.
- 使用传输电子显微镜 (TEM) 进行纳米粒子-细菌细胞相互作用的显微镜分析.
主要成果:
- 用短离子连接体功能化的纳米颗粒对生物的影响最小.
- 纳米颗粒与阴离子聚合物相关联,导致强烈的细胞毒性,包括细胞活力降低和相当的阴离子组度的显著膜损伤.
- TEM成像显示了由聚合物功能化的NP诱导的显著的膜扭曲和外膜囊状特征,与短连接体NP的弱膜关联形成鲜明对比.
- 尽管具有相似的zeta潜力,但仍观察到生物影响的差异,这表明该指标的局限性.
结论:
- 纳米粒子表面上的分子电荷的空间分布和呈现是它们与细菌细胞膜相互作用的关键决定因素.
- 纳米粒子设计,特别是表面电荷的构成和排列,显著影响生物结果.
- 单独的泽塔潜力不足以预测阴离子纳米颗粒的生物影响;分子级别的特性是必不可少的.
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