在COVID-19患者和未接触者中,T细胞对SARS-CoV-2冠状病毒的反应目标
Alba Grifoni1, Daniela Weiskopf1, Sydney I Ramirez2
1Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Cell
|May 31, 2020
概括
对SARS-CoV-2的适应性免疫对于疫苗开发和了解COVID-19至关重要. 研究人员确定了康复期患者的T细胞反应,并发现了与普通感冒冠状病毒交叉反应的证据.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 对SARS-CoV-2的适应性免疫对于有效的疫苗设计和了解COVID-19的病原性至关重要.
- 评估T细胞反应提供了对保护性免疫力的洞察力,并为流行病控制策略提供了信息.
研究的目的:
- 在患有和没有COVID-19的个体中识别和描述SARS-CoV-2特异性的CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应.
- 研究T细胞反应与抗体标位之间的相关性.
- 探索与其他冠状病毒的潜在交叉反应.
主要方法:
- 使用HLA类I和II预测"巨型池"来检测循环T细胞.
- 在COVID-19康复患者和未暴露个体中量化了SARS-CoV-2特异性的CD8+和CD4+T细胞反应.
- 测量了抗SARS-CoV-2 IgG 和 IgA 标位.
主要成果:
- 在大约70%和100%的康复患者中分别检测到了SARS-CoV-2特异性的CD8+和CD4+T细胞.
- 特别是对尖端蛋白的CD4+T细胞反应是强大的,与抗体水平相关.
- 在未暴露的人群中发现了显著的SARS-CoV-2反应性CD4+T细胞群,这表明与普通感冒冠状病毒的交叉反应性.
结论:
- 适应性T细胞免疫力是对SARS-CoV-2感染反应的一个重要特征.
- T细胞与普通感冒冠状病毒的交叉反应可能会影响群体免疫力.
- 这些发现对疫苗开发和了解COVID-19流行病学有影响.
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