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相关概念视频

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
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一个统一的YTHDF蛋白在调节A-修改的mRNA中的功能模型

Sara Zaccara1, Samie R Jaffrey1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Cell
|June 4, 2020
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

N6-甲基氨酸 (m6A) 的RNA修饰调节了细胞分化. 之前认为与不同mRNA结合的YTHDF蛋白实际上与相同的mRNA结合,以冗余的方式调解mRNA降解和分化.

关键词:
翻译,mRNA稳定性,m(6) A,METTL3,YTHDF1,YTHDF2,YTHDF3,CLIP,RNA结合

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学
  • 表观遗传学
  • 核糖核酸生物学

背景情况:

  • N6-甲基氨酸 (m6A) 是最常见的mRNA修饰.
  • m6A 调节细胞生理和分化.
  • 细胞质YTHDF m6A结合蛋白 (DF1,DF2,DF3) 是关键的介导体.

研究的目的:

  • 研究YTHDF蛋白与m6A修饰的mRNA的结合相互作用.
  • 阐明YTHDF蛋白在mRNA调节和细胞分化中的功能作用.
  • 挑战并完善当前的m6A功能模式.

主要方法:

  • 对YTHDF蛋白与m6A修饰的mRNA结合的分析.
  • 在HeLa细胞中进行功能性测试,以评估mRNA的翻译和降解.
  • 用于评估它们的联合效果的 DF 对象的耗尽研究.

主要成果:

  • 与之前的模型相反,YTHDF蛋白与相同的m6A修饰的mRNA结合.
  • 在HeLa细胞中,YTHDF蛋白不会诱导翻译.
  • DF对应物以冗余的作用调解mRNA降解和细胞分化,只有在同时耗尽时才显现出效果.
  • 一个统一的模型,其中YTHDF蛋白质对m6AmRNA集体起作用.

结论:

  • YTHDF蛋白质的功能是冗余的,以调节mRNA稳定性和细胞分化.
  • 需要同时耗尽所有三种YTHDF对应物来观察它们的全部影响.
  • 这项研究提出了由YTHDF蛋白调节m6ARNA的统一模型.