在中国COVID-19爆发期间,空气污染明显减少
Tianhao Le1, Yuan Wang2, Lang Liu3,4
1Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 2020
概括
在COVID-19封锁期间,中国的排放量有所减少,但北方地区出现严重的雾. 高湿度,停滞不前的空气和持续的工业排放导致了这种意外的空气污染事件.
科学领域:
- 环境科学
- 大气化学
- 气候研究
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19大流行,汽车交通和工业活动前所未有的减少.
- 这为研究空气污染动态和减缓效果提供了独特的机会.
研究的目的:
- 评估在中国COVID-19流行期间减少人为排放对空气质量的影响.
- 调查中国北部严重雾形成的原因,
主要方法:
- 卫星和地面空气质量观测的协同分析.
- 使用大气模型模拟来了解化学和气象因素.
- 检查排放数据,湿度水平,空气流动模式和污染物度.
主要成果:
- 在封锁期间,某些排放量显著减少 (高达90%).
- 在中国北部同时发生了极端颗粒物水平和严重的雾.
- 异常高的湿度,停滞不前的空气流和持续的工业排放 (发电厂,石化设施) 被确定为雾形成的主要驱动因素.
- 减少氧化物导致城市地区臭氧增强,增加大气氧化能力和二次气溶形成.
结论:
- 疫情导致的排放减少不足以防止特定地区出现严重的雾.
- 气象条件 (高湿度,停滞的空气) 和持续的工业排放之间的复杂相互作用对空气质量产生了重大影响.
- 了解这些非线性大气过程对于有效的空气污染控制策略至关重要,尤其是在冬季.
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