在康复期患者中对SARS-CoV-2的融合抗体反应
Davide F Robbiani1,2, Christian Gaebler3, Frauke Muecksch4
1Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. drobbiani@irb.usi.ch.
Nature
|June 20, 2020
概括
大多数COVID-19患者中和抗体较低,但经常发现针对SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD) 的罕见,强大的抗体. 这些反复出现的抗体表明它是广泛有效的疫苗的潜在目标.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行导致了广泛的疾病和死亡.
- 病毒进入宿主细胞是由尖端 (S) 蛋白的受体结合域 (RBD) 介导的.
- 了解人类抗体反应对于开发有效的对策,包括疫苗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究从COVID-19中康复的人类抗体反应.
- 描述针对SARS-CoV-2 RBD的抗体的中和活性和特异性.
- 确定广泛有效的COVID-19疫苗的潜在目标.
主要方法:
- 来自149名COVID-19康复者血样本的分析.
- 测量半最大的伪病毒中和标位.
- 抗体测序以识别扩展的B细胞克隆及其特异性.
- 确定半最大抑制度 (IC50) 以中和不同的RBD表位.
主要成果:
- 血中和值有显著差异,79%的样本低于1000个.
- 抗体测序揭示了个体中出现的RBD特异性记忆B细胞克隆.
- 尽管血标位较低,但鉴定出针对三个不同的RBD表位的强效中和抗体,IC50值低至2ng/ ml.
结论:
- 大多数COVID-19康复患者的血具有有限的中和活性.
- 在所有患者中都发现具有广泛抗病毒活性的强烈反复出现的RBD特异性抗体.
- 这些发现表明,旨在引起这种抗体的疫苗可以提供针对SARS-CoV-2的广泛保护.
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