西班牙的SARS-CoV-2流行情况 (ENE-COVID):全国性基于人口的血清流行病学研究
Marina Pollán1, Beatriz Pérez-Gómez1, Roberto Pastor-Barriuso1
1National Centre for Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 10, 2020
概括
这项全国性的研究发现,
科学领域:
- 流行病学
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 西班牙的COVID-19病例负担很高.
- 由于无症状感染和有限的检测机会,血清调查对于了解流行病的传播至关重要.
- 评估SARS-CoV-2的血清流行对于公共卫生规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计西班牙SARS-CoV-2感染的全国和地区血清流行率.
- 了解西班牙人口中COVID-19疫情的程度.
- 为公共卫生战略和干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项全国性的基于人口的研究,涉及35,883个家庭和61,075名参与者.
- 按省和市区规模分层进行两阶段随机抽样.
- 数据收集包括关于症状和风险因素的问卷,治疗点抗体测试和IgG抗体的化学发光微粒免疫测试. 血清流行率根据不响应偏差进行了调整.
主要成果:
- 总体血清流行率在3.7%至6.2%之间,不同地区存在差异 (例如,马德里附近高于10%,沿海地区低于3%).
- 在10岁以下的儿童中,血清发病率较低,并没有性别差异.
- 大约三分之一的阳性人群无症状,大多数PCR确诊病例显示出可检测的抗体.
结论:
- 在西班牙,即使在发病率较高的地区,大多数人仍呈阴性血清.
- 很大一部分COVID-19感染是无症状的,这凸显了基于症状的检测的局限性.
- 这些发现强调了对控制SARS-CoV-2传播的公共卫生措施的持续需要.
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