帕帕因类蛋白酶调节SARS-CoV-2病毒传播和天生的免疫力
Donghyuk Shin1,2,3, Rukmini Mukherjee1,2, Diana Grewe2
1Institute of Biochemistry II, Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.
Nature
|July 30, 2020
概括
严重急性呼吸系统冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 类似帕帕因蛋白酶 (PLpro) 分裂ISG15,阻碍抗病毒免疫力. 抑制SARS-CoV-2PLpro抑制病毒复制并增强免疫反应.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 结构生物学
- 免疫学
背景情况:
- 帕帕因类蛋白酶 (PLpro) 对于冠状病毒复制和宿主免疫逃避至关重要.
- 在调节宿主干扰素和NF-κB通路方面,SARS-CoV-2 PLpro与SARS-CoV PLpro有所不同.
研究的目的:
- 在生化,结构和功能上描述SARS-CoV-2 PLpro (SCoV2-PLpro).
- 将SCoV2-PLpro与SARS-CoV PLpro (SCoV-PLpro) 进行对宿主基质偏好和免疫路径调节的比较.
- 评估抑制SCoV2-PLpro的治疗潜力.
主要方法:
- 对SCoV2-PLpro的生物化学和结构特征.
- 用ISG15复合体确定SCoV2-PLpro的晶体结构.
- 评估ISG15和无素链裂变的功能测试.
- 分析SCoV2-PLpro在感染细胞中的干扰素反应和病毒复制中的作用.
- 对抑制剂GRL-0617的疗效进行评估.
主要成果:
- 与针对无处不在的SCoV-PLpro不同,SCoV2-PLpro优先分裂ISG15.
- 结构分析显示SCoV2-PLpro和ISG15之间存在高度亲和的相互作用.
- SCoV2-PLpro从IRF3中分离ISG15,减弱了I型干扰素的反应.
- 使用GRL-0617抑制SCoV2-PLpro降低了病毒复制和细胞致病性,同时增强了抗病毒干扰素反应.
结论:
- 通过ISG15分裂抑制抗病毒免疫力,SCoV2-PLpro在SARS-CoV-2的发病过程中发挥着重要作用.
- 针对 SCoV2-PLpro 是一种有希望的双重治疗策略,用于抑制 SARS-CoV-2 感染并增强宿主抗病毒免疫力.
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