治疗抗体对人类CD20的结合机制
Anand Kumar1,2,3, Cyril Planchais4,5, Rémi Fronzes3,6
1Membrane Protein Mechanisms Unit, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France.
概括
针对CD20的I型和II型治疗单克隆抗体具有不同的结合机制. 类型II的mAbs形成终端复合体,而类型I的mAbs增强补体激活,从而改善B细胞恶性病和自身免疫性疾病的治疗.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 结构生物学
- 生物化学
背景情况:
- 针对CD20的单克隆抗体 (mAbs) 是B细胞恶性瘤和自身免疫性疾病的关键免疫疗法.
- 由于CD20相互作用机制不同,I型和II型治疗mAbs对B细胞具有不同的结合特性和细胞毒性作用.
研究的目的:
- 阐明I型和II型抗CD20mAbs的差异结合和效应器功能的结构基础.
- 了解不同类型的抗CD20抗体的独特治疗功效的分子机制.
主要方法:
- 使用冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 来确定与rituximab,ofatumumab和obinutuzumab复合的全长CD20的高分辨率结构 (3.74. 7 Å).
- 分析了结合热力学,以量化CD20与不同类型的mAb之间的相互作用.
主要成果:
- 低温EM结构显示出不同的复合形成:II型mAbs (奥宾图祖马布) 形成终端复合体,抑制进一步的mAb或补充结合.
- 一种类型的mAbs (rituximab,ofatumumab) 形成像种子一样的复合体,促进局部mAb度和有效的补充激活.
- 在I型抗体中,ofatumumab复合体表现出最佳的构造.
结论:
- 这项研究揭示了I型和II型抗CD20 mAb结合和效应器功能的不同分子机制.
- 了解这些机制对于下一代针对CD20的免疫疗法的合理设计至关重要.
- 结构洞察力为改进疗效抗体的设计提供了基础.
相关概念视频
Antibody Actions
2.1K
Antibodies, or immunoglobulins, are critical players in the immune system's arsenal against invading pathogens. Produced by B cells and plasma cells, their primary role is to detect and bind to specific antigens, molecules found on the surface of pathogens like bacteria or viruses. Beyond antigen recognition, antibodies perform several vital functions that contribute to immune defense.
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
Neutralization
Antibodies can bind to pathogens, preventing them from infecting host cells. This process...
2.1K
Antibody Structure
64.8K
Overview
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
The Y-Shaped Structure of Antibodies Consists of Four Polypeptide Chains
Antibodies consist of four polypeptide chains: two identical heavy...
64.8K
Hybridoma Technology
16.8K
Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...
16.8K
Antibody Structure and Classes
7.9K
Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are produced by B cells in response to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses. These proteins are critical for recognizing and neutralizing these substances, protecting the body from potential harm.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
The basic structure of an antibody consists of four protein chains: two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. These chains are held together by disulfide bonds and other non-covalent interactions, forming a Y-shaped structure.
7.9K
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
15.5K
The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...
15.5K


