一个单细胞转录组图谱的有袋动物胚胎和X无活化
Shantha K Mahadevaiah1, Mahesh N Sangrithi2,3, Takayuki Hirota1
1Sex Chromosome Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
Nature
|August 21, 2020
概括
这项研究使用有袋动物的单细胞RNA测序来揭示保存的发育途径和早期的X染色体失活. 它发现了一种新型的转录,XSR,有可能调节哺乳动物的这一过程.
科学领域:
- 发育生物学
- 基因组学
- 进化生物学
背景情况:
- 单细胞RNA测序 (scRNA-seq) 提供了对胚胎发育的高分辨率见解.
- 之前的哺乳动物scRNA-seq研究集中在鱼物种上.
- 研究有袋动物可以发现保存的发育因素和X染色体剂量补偿机制.
研究的目的:
- 使用scRNA-seq分析有袋动物的胚胎发生和X染色体失活.
- 识别保存的血统特征和多能因素,这些因素早于有袋动物和类动物的分歧.
- 研究RSX的作用,并确定印记X染色体失活的调节者.
主要方法:
- 鱼 (Monodelphis domestica) 胚胎的单细胞RNA测序
- 在表皮质,原始内皮质和皮质发育过程中对转录特征的分析.
- 对X染色体无活化模式和RSX表达的研究.
主要成果:
- 解决了关键胚胎谱系的发育轨迹和转录特征.
- 在哺乳动物中发现了深度保存的血统特异性标记.
- 观察到早期和快速的RSX涂层和X染色体不活化.
- 确定XSR,一个反意义转录,作为印制X染色体失活的候选调节者.
结论:
- marsupial 的胚胎发生与 eutherians 的特征有很深的保留.
- 在有袋动物中早期印记X染色体的停活可能会阻止双基X沉默.
- XSR是印记X染色体失活的潜在关键调节者,为X剂量补偿演变提供了洞察力.
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