用于快充离子电池的无序岩盐阳极
Haodong Liu1, Zhuoying Zhu1, Qizhang Yan1
1Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nature
|September 4, 2020
概括
研究人员开发了一种新的石盐氧化 (Li3+xV2O5) 阳极,用于更安全,更快充电的离子电池. 这种材料可实现高能量密度和功率,而不会影响安全,性能优于目前的石墨阳极.
科学领域:
- 材料科学
- 电化学
- 能量储存
背景情况:
- 可充电的离子电池对于电气化运输至关重要,但由于间隙潜力不足,当前的阳极在能量密度,功率和安全性方面面临限制.
- 石墨阳极虽然很常见,但在快速充电过程中存在安全问题,如金属和树增长.
研究的目的:
- 为离子电池引入一种新型无序岩盐氧化物 (Li3+xV2O5) 作为高性能阳极材料.
- 解决当前电池技术中能量密度,功率和安全性之间的权衡问题.
主要方法:
- 作为阳极材料的无序岩盐Li3+xV2O5的合成和电化学表征.
- 开始计算以调查间隔机制和能量障碍.
- 与酸和石墨等商业阳极进行性能比较分析.
主要成果:
- 无序的岩盐Li3+xV2O5使两种离子在~0.6V的低平均电压下可逆循环.
- 升高的阳极电位降低了涂层的风险,提高了电池的安全性.
- 该材料表现出异常的速度能力,在20秒内保持超过40%的容量,并且在1000个周期内保持稳定性.
- 使用这种阳极的电池比使用酸或其他间隔阳极的电池具有更高的电池电压.
结论:
- 无序岩盐Li3+xV2O5是快充,高能量密度和安全的离子电池的有希望的阳极材料.
- 具有低能耗障碍的独特的再分配间隔机制支持其卓越的性能.
- 这一发现为设计用于先进电池应用的其他金属氧化物阳极开辟了道路.
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