民主能为穷人服务吗?
1Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
概括
世界上许多最贫穷的人生活在民主国家, 改善民主制度对于经济弱势群体来说至关重要,
科学领域:
- 政治科学
- 发展经济学
- 公共政策
背景情况:
- 数以百万计的贫困人口生活在中等收入的民主国家.
- 尽管有民主结构,但逐步重新分配仍不足以缓解贫困.
- 现有的民主制度可能无法充分赋予经济弱势群体权力.
研究的目的:
- 审查旨在改善减少贫困的民主制度的干预措施.
- 探索如何赋予弱势群体权力以影响再分配政策.
- 解决阻碍穷人的政治影响的"民主问题".
主要方法:
- 对针对民主制度和贫困的干预措施的文献综述.
- 在逐步重新分配的背景下分析"民主捕获-22".
- 研究弱势群体如何增强对代表的影响力.
主要成果:
- 直接援助是不够的;为了可持续地减少贫困,需要进行制度改革.
- 赋予经济弱势群体权力需要提高他们参与民主进程的能力.
- 这种"民主之"强调了政治体系中影响力不断增长的挑战.
结论:
- 民主国家有效减轻贫困需要加强制度框架.
- 干预措施必须集中在增强经济弱势群体的政治声音上.
- 要想实现资源的公平分配, 必须克服"民主的困境".
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