COVID-19 疫苗 BNT162b1 引起人体抗体和 TH1 T 细胞反应
Ugur Sahin1,2, Alexander Muik3, Evelyna Derhovanessian3
1BioNTech, Mainz, Germany. ugur.sahin@biontech.de.
Nature
|September 30, 2020
概括
在成年人中,BNT162b1信使RNA (mRNA) 疫苗表现出强烈的抗体和T细胞反应. 这种COVID-19候选疫苗通过多种免疫机制显示出对SARS-CoV-2的保护潜力.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒-2 (SARS-CoV-2) 流行病需要有效的疫苗.
- BNT162b1是一种脂质纳米颗粒配制的核酸修饰mRNA疫苗,编码SARS-CoV-2受体结合域 (RBD).
研究的目的:
- 在非随机的,开放的I/II期试验中,评估BNT162b1接种疫苗后的抗体和T细胞反应.
- 在18至55岁的健康成年人中评估BNT162b1的免疫性.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (18至55岁) 接受了两剂BNT162b1 (1至50微克).
- 用RBD结合IgG度和中和抗体标位测量了抗体反应.
- 通过CD4+和CD8+T细胞扩张和细胞因子产生 (干扰素-γ) 来评估T细胞反应.
主要成果:
- 两剂BNT162b1诱导了强大的CD4+和CD8+T细胞反应.
- 观察到强烈的抗体反应,中和抗体的几何平均值超过了康复的COVID-19患者.
- 免疫血清对SARS-CoV-2突发变种进行了广泛的中和.
- T细胞反应主要是T助手类型1 (TH1) 倾斜,具有显著的干扰素-γ产生.
结论:
- 接种BNT162b1会产生显著的RBD特异性抗体和T细胞免疫力.
- 该疫苗诱导了有利的细胞因子配置和广泛的中和活性.
- 这些多机制性免疫反应表明BNT162b1有保护COVID-19的潜力.
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