在英国生物库中对49960个个体的外体序列测定和表征
Cristopher V Van Hout1, Ioanna Tachmazidou2,3, Joshua D Backman4
1Regeneron Genetics Center, Tarrytown, NY, USA. cristopher.vanhout@regeneron.com.
Nature
|October 22, 2020
概括
英国生物银行发布了近5万名参与者的外体序列数据,确定了数百万个编码变体,包括许多功能丧失 (LOF) 变体. 这一数据集揭示了2%的个体与疾病的新遗传关联和可操作的变异.
科学领域:
- 基因组学
- 人口健康
- 遗传流行病学
背景情况:
- 英国生物库是一项大型前性研究,具有广泛的表型和基因型数据.
- 获得全面的遗传数据对于了解人类疾病至关重要.
- 之前的数据发布提供了归算的序列数据,限制了罕见变异的发现.
研究的目的:
- 描述第一个49,960名英国生物库参与者的外体序列数据的发布.
- 描述该群体内的编码变体,特别是功能丧失 (LOF) 变体.
- 证明外体测序数据的实用性,以确定与各种表型和医学可行的变体的遗传关联.
主要方法:
- 来自49,960名英国生物库参与者的DNA的整体外体序列.
- 编码变体的识别和注释,包括预测功能丧失 (LOF) 变体.
- 在LOF变体和1,730种表型之间进行关联分析,并对医学上可操作的变体进行调查.
主要成果:
- 释放了大约400万个编码变体的外体序列数据,预计有超过198,000个LOF变体.
- 超过97%的基因至少有一个LOF变异载体,69%的基因至少有10个载体.
- 发现了新型LOF变体的关联,包括静脉 (PIEZO1),角膜抵抗 (COL6A1),骨密度 (MEPE) 和血细胞特征 (IQGAP2,GMPR).
- 2%的人口携带一种医学可行的变种;BRCA1/BRCA2变种在癌症中的透性.
结论:
- 外体序列数据的发布显著扩大了编码变体的目录,特别是LOF变体,在一个大群体中.
- 这一数据集能够对基因型-表型关联进行强有力的发现,包括与新型疾病相关的变异.
- 这些发现强调了外基因组测序在人口研究中的价值,用于识别医学上可操作的遗传信息和了解疾病透率.
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