RNA Pol II 结合的景观显示了 ZGA 期间的阶段性过渡
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在PubMed上查看摘要
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。细胞基因组激活 (ZGA) 涉及RNA聚合酶II (Pol II) 的加载,预配置和产生. 小型ZGA对于Pol II预配置至关重要,确保胚胎正常发育和基因激活.
科学领域
- 发育生物学
- 表观遗传学
- 分子生物学
背景情况
- 紫芽基因组激活 (ZGA) 标志着胚胎发育早期转录的开始.
- 哺乳动物ZGA中RNA聚合酶II (Pol II) 参与的确切机制尚不完全理解.
研究的目的
- 在小鼠胚胎中从小到大ZGA过渡期间研究Pol II的动态结合场景.
- 阐明Pol II动态在哺乳动物早期发育过程中的编排转录中的作用.
主要方法
- 开发和应用小规模的Tn5辅助染色体裂变与测序 (Stacc-seq).
- 在不同发育阶段的小鼠胚胎中分析Pol II结合模式.
主要成果
- 确定了Pol II行为的三个不同阶段:加载,预配置和ZGA期间的生产.
- 证明Pol II负载受父母表观基因组的影响,并针对富含CG的促进体和可访问的远端区域.
- 观察到小的ZGA对Pol II预配置至关重要,影响后来的胚胎发育和基因表达.
结论
- 在哺乳动物ZGA过程中,Pol II经历了一阶段性过渡,包括加载,预配置和生产.
- 小型ZGA在为主要ZGA准备转录机械和染色质方面发挥着关键作用.
- 轻微的ZGA中断导致异常的Pol II保留和子宫外基因表达,影响发育.
相关概念视频
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Initiation, which involves two specific sequences 10 and 35 base pairs upstream of the gene, which are called promoters.
Elongation, where the...
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...