全基因组的CRISPR屏幕揭示了SARS-CoV-2感染的关键宿主因素
Jin Wei1, Mia Madel Alfajaro1, Peter C DeWeirdt2
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Cell
|November 4, 2020
概括
研究人员使用CRISPR屏幕识别了SARS-CoV-2感染的关键宿主基因. 这些发现揭示了冠状病毒的新治疗点和关键途径,包括HMGB1和SWI/SNF复合体.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 遗传学
- 免疫学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 导致COVID-19,因此需要识别宿主因子以进行治疗.
- 了解宿主-病原体相互作用对于对抗病毒感染和病原体至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 使用全基因组CRISPR选,识别对SARS-CoV-2感染至关重要的宿主基因.
- 发现新型治疗点并了解2019年新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 病原性.
- 探索SARS血统特异性和泛冠状病毒宿主因素.
主要方法:
- 在使用SARS-CoV-2,MERS-CoV和工程病毒的Vero-E6细胞中进行了全基因组CRISPR选.
- 对包括HMGB1在内的确定的宿主因子进行了功能验证.
- 小分子抗体对抗SARS-CoV-2感染的有效性进行了测试.
主要成果:
- 已知宿主因子如ACE2和cathepsin L被确定.
- 发现了新的亲病毒基因,包括HMGB1和SWI/SNF复合体.
- 显示HMGB1调节了ACE2的表达,对多种冠状病毒的进入至关重要.
- 针对已识别的基因的小分子抑制剂减少了灵长类动物和人类细胞中的SARS-CoV-2感染.
结论:
- 该研究确定了SARS-CoV-2和其他冠状病毒的重要宿主基因,提供了潜在的治疗点.
- HMGB1 和 SWI/SNF 复合体分别是SARS 血统特异性和泛冠状病毒的关键因素.
- 抑制已识别的宿主因子证明了对SARS-CoV-2的可行治疗策略.
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