空间连接与视觉皮层的方向选择性相匹配
L Federico Rossi1, Kenneth D Harris2, Matteo Carandini3
1UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK. federico.rossi@ucl.ac.uk.
Nature
|November 12, 2020
概括
视觉皮层中的神经元选择性来自于刺激和抑制连接的精确空间模式,而不是前突触神经元选择性. 这种电路图案在感官处理中可能是正规的.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 计算神经科学
- 系统神经科学
背景情况:
- 神经元反应的选择性是由激发和抑制连接的相互作用形成的.
- 在初级视觉皮质中,层2/3神经元选择性用于定向和方向传统上与类似的选择性皮质输入有关.
- 然而,刺激性输入可以表现出不同的偏好,抑制性输入可能缺乏选择性.
研究的目的:
- 研究刺激性和抑制性皮质内连接到老鼠视觉皮层的2/3神经元的精确空间组织.
- 要确定输入的空间排列,而不是它们的个体选择性,是神经元反应选择性的基础.
- 探索感官处理中观察到的电路图案的潜在规范性质.
主要方法:
- 使用狂犬病追踪技术标记和功能图像激发和抑制输入到单个层2/3金字塔神经元.
- 对前突触神经元与后突触神经元的空间分布和连接模式进行了分析.
- 输入组合的空间位移与突触后神经元的方向选择性相关.
主要成果:
- 发现2/3和4层的前突触刺激神经元以后突触神经元的偏好方向分布,偏好与其偏好方向相反的区域.
- 在二/三层的前突触抑制神经元位于后突触神经元附近,并且在它偏好的方向前面.
- 突触后神经元的方向选择性独立于突触前神经元的选择性,但与激发性和抑制性输入的空间安排相关.
结论:
- 刺激性和抑制性皮质内连接的精确空间模式,而不是前突触选择性,决定了视觉皮层的2/3层的神经元反应选择性.
- 观察到的不对称的连接性,与激发性和抑制性输入的不同空间安排,反映了视网膜方向选择性的机制.
- 这表明在传感处理途径中建立方向选择性的潜在规范性电路模式.
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