功能适应性景观预测肢体起源的陆地容量
Blake V Dickson1, Jennifer A Clack2, Timothy R Smithson2
1Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. bdickson@g.harvard.edu.
Nature
|November 26, 2020
概括
四足动物的陆地运动进化涉及骨形状的变化,这是由生态学和植物学驱动的. 干四足动物早期表现出陆地运动的能力,其有效的四肢运动后来演变为冠状四足动物.
科学领域:
- 古生物学
- 进化生物学
- 生物力学
背景情况:
- 在四足动物进化过程中,从水中运动到陆上运动的转变是有争议的.
- 了解这种转变依赖化石证据, 但孤立的元素提供了更深入的见解.
研究的目的:
- 使用手臂形态重建陆地运动的演变.
- 在到四肢的转变过程中研究功能多样性和适应性.
主要方法:
- 分析了40个已灭绝的四足动物的三维保存.
- 运用具有功能性的生态适应性景观.
- 在骨形状和功能上的进化变化的重建.
主要成果:
- 脊椎形状的演变受到生态学和植物学的影响,有功能性权衡.
- 对于水生鱼类和陆地四足动物来说,存在着不同的适应性景观.
- 干四足动物拥有早期的陆地运动能力,在皇冠四足动物的有效四肢运动之前.
结论:
- 陆地运动能力起源于四足动物的肢体进化.
- 在早期的陆地探索中,干四足动物很可能使用过渡步态.
- 陆地四足动物的有效的四肢运动和多样化随着祖先的"L形"膀臂的丧失而发生.
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