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一个SHR-SCR模块指定豆类皮质细胞命运以实现结节

Wentao Dong^1,2, Yayun Zhu^1,3, Huizhong Chang^1,3

¹National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, SIBS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.

|December 10, 2020

概括

豆类与固植株形成独特的共生关系. 在豆类根细胞中保存的SHORTROOT-SCARECROW (SHR-SCR) 基因网络驱动着共生结节的发展.

科学领域:

植物生物学
分子遗传学
进化生物学

背景情况:

豆类与固树根生物建立了独特的共生关系.
这种共生的细胞基础,特别是在根皮细胞中,仍然不完全理解.
之前的理论表明,豆类根皮细胞的独特特性促进了树枝生物的共生.

研究的目的:

研究豆类根皮细胞中独特的细胞命运和发育程序的分子机制.
确定 SHORTROOT-SCARECROW (SHR-SCR) 基因网络在启动树生物共生和结节器官生成中的作用.
探索SHR-SCR模块在豆类-菌体内共生发展中的进化意义.

主要方法:

在Medicago truncatula根皮细胞中分析基因表达模式,特别是SCR和SHR.
与非豆类植物 Arabidopsis thaliana 相比,研究M. truncatula中SHR蛋白的局部化和功能.
在豆类物种中研究皮质SHR-SCR网络的保存及其对根茎信号的反应.
实验性诱导SHR和SCR的子宫外表达,以评估它们对根皮细胞分裂的影响.

主要成果:

在Medicago truncatula皮质细胞中保存的SHORTROOT-SCARECROW (SHR-SCR) 干细胞程序指定了它们的独特命运.
该SHR-SCR网络表达在豆类皮质细胞中,SHR蛋白从石头中积累,这种机制在Arabidopsis中不存在.
这种网络在豆类中保存,响应根茎信号,并触发豆类特异性皮质细胞分裂以形成结节.
在豆类中SHR和SCR的异位激活成功诱导了根皮细胞分裂.

结论:

在豆类中获得皮质SHR-SCR模块使得结合细胞分裂和根茎菌感染成为可能.
这种分子创新被认为是豆类内共生进化的核心事件.
这项研究阐明了推动豆类特异性共生发展的关键遗传机制.

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