对来自细菌的免疫因子的皮肤同胞有抗性
Beth M Hayes1, Atanas D Radkov1, Fauna Yarza1
1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Cell
|December 11, 2020
概括
黑腿 (Ixodes scapularis) 使用一种细菌毒素,即化胺酶效应剂2 (dae2),来杀死哺乳动物的皮肤微生物. 这种毒素是针对虫有害的细菌而不是莱姆病病原体.
科学领域:
- 微生物学
- 媒介性疾病研究
- 与微生物的相互作用
背景情况:
- 是包括人类病原体在内的众多微生物的载体,这导致了以人类为中心的研究方法.
- 影响的病原体本身是不太清楚的.
- 了解病原体相互作用对于控制传播疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究横向获得的细菌毒素在防御机制中的作用.
- 确定在黑腿中发现的化胺酶效应因子2 (dae2) 毒素的活性谱.
- 探索在类哺乳动物系统中的微生物毒性的环境依赖性.
主要方法:
- 在Ixodes scapularis中识别和表征化胺酶效应因子2 (dae2) 毒素.
- 对的唾液和肠道中的dae2分泌物的分析.
- 对各种微生物物种,包括哺乳动物皮肤微生物和Borrelia burgdorferi的有效性进行测试.
主要成果:
- 这种来自细菌的dae2毒素是由黑腿分泌的.
- Dae2有效地杀死哺乳动物的皮肤微生物,例如可能对有害的葡萄球菌.
- Dae2对莱姆病的病原体Borrelia burgdorferi没有内在的毒性.
结论:
- 具备抵御可能伤害它们的微生物的机制, 即使这些微生物是宿主上的共生物.
- 微生物的毒性不是固定的,而是取决于生态环境.
- 这项研究强调了,它们的共生体和宿主相关微生物之间的复杂相互作用, 重新构建了病原体的概念.
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