基因查确定了SARS-CoV-2和普通感冒冠状病毒的宿主因素
Ruofan Wang1, Camille R Simoneau2, Jessie Kulsuptrakul1
1Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Cell
|December 17, 2020
概括
研究人员确定了包括SARS-CoV-2在内的多种冠状病毒感染的常见宿主因素,如酸盐生物合成和胆固醇稳定. 针对这些途径提供了一种针对冠状病毒流行病的广泛抗病毒疗法的策略.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 分子生物学
- 遗传学
背景情况:
- 冠状病毒会引起各种人类疾病,从轻微的呼吸系统疾病到严重的急性呼吸系统应急综合征.
- 在不同冠状病毒中识别共享宿主因素对于开发广泛的抗病毒疗法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 识别对SARS-CoV-2和普通感冒冠状病毒 (OC43,229E) 复制至关重要的宿主因素.
- 探索对抗多种冠状病毒的潜在宿主导治疗点.
主要方法:
- 在感染SARS-CoV-2,OC43和229E的细胞上进行全基因组CRISPR查.
- 分析了支持病毒复制的病毒进入因素和宿主途径.
主要成果:
- 确认了不同的进入因子:SARS-CoV-2的ACE2,229E的aminopeptidase N,OC43的糖氨基酸.
- 鉴定出酸生物合成和胆固醇稳定是所有三种病毒的关键宿主途径.
- TMEM106B被确定为一种特别支持SARS-CoV-2感染的宿主因素.
结论:
- 宿主酸生物合成和胆固醇稳定对于各种冠状病毒的复制至关重要.
- 这些途径的药理抑制有效地减少了病毒复制.
- 这些发现为冠状病毒生命周期提供了洞察力,并支持对宿主进行治疗的开发.
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