关于SARS-CoV-2生物学的新视角
Adam L Bailey1, Michael S Diamond2
1Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Cell
|December 18, 2020
概括
全基因组的CRISPR选揭示了控制SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸系统冠状病毒2) 感染过程的关键基因. 与其他冠状病毒进行比较可以更深入地了解它们的细胞生命周期.
科学领域:
- 基因组学
- 病毒学
- 分子生物学
背景情况:
- 严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2) 是一种具有重大全球健康影响的新兴病毒.
- 了解宿主-病原体相互作用对于开发有效的对策至关重要.
- CRISPR-Cas9查技术为功能基因组学提供了强大的工具.
研究的目的:
- 通过全基因组CRISPR-Cas9选,识别调节SARS-CoV-2感染的宿主基因.
- 了解病毒进入,转换,复制和退出的分子机制.
- 将SARS-CoV-2宿主因子与其他冠状病毒的宿主因子进行比较,以了解其生命周期的保存和独特方面.
主要方法:
- 在相关细胞模型中进行了多个独立的全基因组CRISPR- Cas9淘汰查.
- 选集中在识别SARS-CoV-2感染和复制所必需的基因上.
- 与其他冠状病毒研究的数据进行了基因组比较分析.
主要成果:
- 克里斯普尔屏幕识别了许多宿主基因参与SARS-CoV-2生命周期的各个阶段,包括病毒的进入,RNA转换,基因组复制和病毒的退出.
- 特定的宿主因子对SARS-CoV-2感染至关重要.
- 对不同冠状病毒进行的比较分析显示,它们有共同的和不同的宿主依赖性途径.
结论:
- 全基因组的CRISPR屏幕提供了影响SARS-CoV-2感染的宿主因素的全面地图.
- 这些发现为针对SARS-CoV-2和相关冠状病毒的抗病毒策略提供了潜在的治疗目标.
- 了解冠状病毒的比较细胞生物学可以增强我们对病毒出现和病变的了解.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Conjugated Proteins
24.3K
Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
24.3K
Synthetic Biology
5.2K
Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary science that involves using principles from disciplines such as engineering, molecular biology, cell biology, and systems biology. It involves remodeling existing organisms from nature or constructing completely new synthetic organisms for applications such as protein or enzyme production, bioremediation, value-added macromolecule production, and the addition of desirable traits to crops, to name a few.
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
Golden rice
Golden rice is a genetically modified...
5.2K
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
17.4K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
17.4K
Viral Mutations
37.9K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
37.9K
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
6.0K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
6.0K
Viral Recombination
24.5K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.5K


