为了脂肪而战:贪的瘤和饥饿的T细胞
Joshua H Goodman1, Anthony W Ferrante2
1Medical Scientist Training Program, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Vagelos College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
Cell
|December 28, 2020
概括
肥胖会通过改变瘤微环境中的脂质利用来恶化癌症,从而影响抗瘤免疫力. 这项研究表明代谢疗法可以改善肥胖患者的癌症治疗结果.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 代谢途径
- 癌症生物学
背景情况:
- 肥胖是一个已知的癌症发病风险因素.
- 瘤微环境对癌症的进展和免疫规避起着至关重要的作用.
- 肥胖的代谢变化会影响免疫细胞的功能.
研究的目的:
- 研究瘤微环境中的脂质利用与抗瘤免疫之间的联系.
- 探索肥胖如何影响这些过程.
- 为了确定癌症治疗的潜在代谢点.
主要方法:
- 使用肥胖小鼠的瘤模型.
- 分析瘤微环境中的脂质代谢.
- 评估了抗瘤免疫反应.
主要成果:
- 在瘤微环境中增加的脂质利用与肥胖小鼠抑制的抗瘤免疫力之间有直接的相关性.
- 确定了参与这种免疫抑制的特定脂质代谢途径.
- 显示肥胖如何加剧这些有害的代谢和免疫变化.
结论:
- 瘤微环境中的脂质代谢是抗瘤免疫的关键媒介,特别是在肥胖的背景下.
- 向这些特定的脂质通路为增强肥胖个体癌症免疫治疗提供了潜在的新代谢策略.
- 这些发现为肥胖对癌症预后的负面影响提供了机理性的解释.
相关概念视频
02:53Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
6.2K
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
6.2K
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
7.3K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
7.3K
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
880
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
880
03:03mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
4.1K
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
4.1K
01:27Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
6.1K
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
6.1K