一个稳定的低温H2生产催化剂,通过挤压Pt在α-MoC上
Xiao Zhang1,2, Mengtao Zhang1, Yuchen Deng1
1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and College of Engineering, and BIC-ESAT, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Nature
|January 21, 2021
概括
我们在碳化上开发了一种新催化剂, 这种持久的催化剂为清洁能源生产提供了有前途的途径.
科学领域:
- 催化剂
- 材料科学
- 能源生产
背景情况:
- 水气转移反应对于工业气生产至关重要.
- 在低温下高效的WGS催化对于燃料电池应用至关重要.
- 现有的催化剂在较低的温度下往往缺乏所需的耐用性和活性.
研究的目的:
- 在低温下开发高活性和稳定的WGS反应催化剂.
- 研究一种新型的催化剂结构,
- 了解反应机制并确定促进催化剂稳定性的因素.
主要方法:
- 在α-碳化物 (α-MoC) 上合成 (Pt1-Ptn) /α-MoC催化剂结构,稳定分离的原子 (Pt1) 和亚纳米集群 (Ptn).
- 在313克尔文的WGS反应中测试催化剂的性能.
- 催化剂结构的描述和生产途径的识别,包括直接的一氧化碳解离.
主要成果:
- (Pt1-Ptn) /α-MoC催化剂在313K时对WGS反应表现出高活性.
- 确定了一种涉及直接一氧化碳解离的生产途径.
- 由于防止支氧化,催化剂表现出高稳定性,达到4.3亿mol H2/mol Pt的高金属正常化周转率.
结论:
- 在α-碳化物上稳定孤立的原子和团是开发活性和稳定的WGS催化剂的关键策略.
- 设计的催化剂克服了先前系统的局限性,显示出出色的性能和耐用性.
- 这种方法预计将成为通过高效的水和一氧化碳激活来设计先进的催化剂的关键.
相关概念视频
02:13Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
13.3K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
13.3K
02:17Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation
3.7K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.7K
02:24Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
8.5K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
8.5K
02:47Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
19.8K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
19.8K
02:44Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide
11.7K
Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
11.7K
02:50Catalysis
29.1K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
29.1K