通过EIDD-2801有效治疗和预防SARS-CoV-2感染
Angela Wahl1,2,3, Lisa E Gralinski4, Claire E Johnson1,2,3
1International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Nature
|February 9, 2021
概括
蝙蝠携带可直接传播到人类的冠状病毒. 一种新型的小鼠模型与人类肺组织有效复制SARS-CoV-2,显示了抗病毒EIDD-2801
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 传染性疾病
- 免疫学
背景情况:
- 冠状病毒,包括SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV和SARS-CoV-2,通常起源于蝙蝠.
- 蝙蝠是各种各样的冠状病毒的宿主,具有大流行潜力.
研究的目的:
- 建立一个实验平台来研究人体肺组织中的冠状病毒复制.
- 调查蝙蝠冠状病毒直接传播给人类的可能性.
- 评估COVID-19的治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 使用人类肺组织植入的免疫缺陷小鼠 (仅用于人类肺的小鼠,LoM).
- 用SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,SARS-CoV-2和来自蝙蝠的SARS类冠状病毒接种的LoM.
- 分析了人类肺组织中的病毒复制,细胞病变效应和宿主免疫反应.
- 评估了EIDD-2801在SARS-CoV-2感染治疗和预防方面的有效性.
主要成果:
- 在没有宿主或病毒适应的情况下,LoM模型证明了多种人类和蝙蝠冠状病毒在体内有效复制.
- SARS-CoV-2 主要感染人类肺上皮细胞,包括2型肺细胞和毛气道细胞.
- 感染引起了显著的细胞病变效应和强烈的I型干扰素和炎症反应.
- 使用EIDD-2801显著抑制了体内SARS-CoV-2的复制.
结论:
- 蝙蝠携带内源性冠状病毒,能够直接传播给人类.
- LoM模型是研究新出现的冠状病毒感染人类肺部的一个有价值的平台.
- EIDD-2801显示出预防和治疗COVID-19的巨大潜力.
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