这页已由机器翻译。其他页面可能仍然显示为英文。 View in English

对mRNA疫苗引起的抗体的SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7的敏感性

Dami A Collier ^1,2,3, Anna De Marco ⁴, Isabella A T M Ferreira ^1,2

¹Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, Cambridge, UK.
²Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
³Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
⁴Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
⁵Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
⁶Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
⁷Clinic of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Clinica Luganese Moncucco, Lugano, Switzerland.
⁸Division of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
⁹NIHR Cambridge Clinical Research Facility, Cambridge, UK.
¹⁰NIHR Bioresource, Cambridge, UK.
¹¹University of Kent, Canturbury, UK.
¹²Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
¹³Laboratorio de Inmunologia, UNAM, Cuautitlán, Mexico.
¹⁴Institute of Biodiversity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
¹⁵Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
¹⁶Humabs Biomed SA, a subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland. dcorti@vir.bio.
¹⁷Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, Cambridge, UK. rkg20@cam.ac.uk.
¹⁸Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. rkg20@cam.ac.uk.
¹⁹Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. rkg20@cam.ac.uk.
²⁰University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa. rkg20@cam.ac.uk.
²¹Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa. rkg20@cam.ac.uk.
²²Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK. rkg20@cam.ac.uk.

⁰Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease, Cambridge, UK.

Nature +

|

2021年三月11日

在PubMed上查看摘要

概括

BNT162b2疫苗显示对SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7变体的中和抗体活性有所降低. 这种E484K突变进一步降低了疫苗的有效性,对BNT162b2的有效性构成威胁.

科学领域

病毒学
免疫学
疫苗学

背景情况

在全球范围内,SARS-CoV-2 的快速传播需要了解变种对疫苗有效性的影响.
在94个国家流行B.1.1.7变种,具有更高的传染性.
B.1.1.7突变可能影响疫苗诱导的免疫力仍然是一个关键问题.

研究的目的

评估针对SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7变种的基于mRNA的BNT162b2疫苗的免疫反应.
评估B.1.1.7特异性突变对BNT162b2疫苗接种引起的中和抗体标位的影响.
研究B.1.1.7突变和E484K替代对疫苗衍生免疫的联合作用.

主要方法

用BNT162b2接种疫苗的人群中和抗体反应的测量.
使用表达野生型和B.1.1.7变种尖端蛋白的伪病毒.
通过疫苗引起的血清和针对E484K变种的特定单克隆抗体进行中和.

主要成果

与野生型相比,BNT162b2疫苗引起的血清对B.1.1.7变体的中和活性略有降低.
在一些COVID-19康复患者的血清中观察到类似的中和性降低.
单克隆抗体显示B.1.1.7的中和减少,特别是那些针对N终端域和受体结合动机的抗体.
在B.1.1.7背景中的E484K替代导致疫苗引起的和单克隆抗体中化的活性更大.

结论

BNT162b2疫苗产生了抗体,虽然抗B.1.1.7变种的抗击能力降低了,但仍然存在.
与E484K替代的SARS-CoV-2变种的出现对BNT162b2疫苗的有效性构成重大威胁.
持续监测和疫苗适应可能是应对不断演变的SARS-CoV-2变种的必要.

相关概念视频

Cross-reactivity

Overview

The ability of a single antibody to recognize multiple structurally similar epitopes is an important immune defense strategy that enables the host to efficiently defend against many potentially threatening pathogens. However, cross-reactivity also elicits allergy symptoms against related allergens. It is increasingly important to understand the principles of cross-reactivity, as antibodies are actively being developed as therapeutic modalities for diverse diseases, including cancer.