多种SARS-CoV-2变种通过疫苗诱导的幽默免疫脱离中和
Wilfredo F Garcia-Beltran1, Evan C Lam2, Kerri St Denis2
1Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|March 20, 2021
概括
COVID-19 疫苗有效中和SARS-CoV-2,但具有尖端突变的变种显示出高耐药性. 这凸显了对新出现的病毒株的广泛保护性疫苗的需要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗会产生强大的中和抗体.
- 新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种具有突变的尖端蛋白,这是中和抗体的关键目标.
- 这些突变对疫苗有效性的影响需要彻底调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估疫苗诱导的免疫反应对全球传播的SARS-CoV-2菌株,包括变种的中和作用.
- 了解K417N/T,E484K和N501Y等特定突变对病毒中和的影响.
主要方法:
- 在99个用BNT162b2或mRNA-1273接种疫苗的人群中评估中和抗体标位.
- 对代表10种SARS-CoV-2株的伪病毒的中和性评估.
- 对野生型和变种的中和性分析,包括B.1.351.
主要成果:
- 在10种测试的伪病毒中,有5种具有关键受体结合域突变,对中和具有很高的抗性.
- 对K417N/T,E484K和N501Y等突变的变种观察到中和性耐药性.
- B.1.351变种的交叉中和与SARS-CoV和蝙蝠衍生的WIV1-CoV相似,表明有显著的免疫逃逸.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 变种中的特定突变可以调解疫苗诱导的 humoral 免疫力.
- 抗中和变种的出现对现有的疫苗有效性构成挑战.
- 广泛的保护性疫苗的开发对于应对不断发展的SARS-CoV-2流行病至关重要.
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