SARS-CoV-2 变种 B.1.351 和 P.1 从中和抗体中逃脱
Markus Hoffmann1, Prerna Arora1, Rüdiger Groß2
1Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center, Kellnerweg 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Psychology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Wilhelmsplatz 1, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
Cell
|April 1, 2021
概括
新的SARS-CoV-2变种显示出对COVID-19抗体的抗性. 这表明病毒可能会逃脱中和抗体反应,影响疫情制工作.
科学领域:
- 病毒学
- 免疫学
- 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行导致全球健康和经济危机.
- 无论是复合或是疫苗诱导的中和抗体,都是对抗SARS-CoV-2的关键工具.
- 新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种 (B.1.1.7,B.1.351,P.1) 具有可影响病毒相互作用和耐药性的尖端蛋白突变.
研究的目的:
- 调查SARS-CoV-2变种对进入抑制剂和中和抗体的敏感性.
- 评估尖端蛋白突变对病毒与宿主细胞相互作用和治疗耐药性的影响.
主要方法:
- 使用伪颗粒来模拟SARS-CoV-2进入人体细胞.
- 对SARS-CoV-2变种进行了进入抑制剂 (可溶性ACE2,Camostat,EK-1,EK-1-C4) 的试验.
- 评估了COVID-19治疗抗体 (Casirivimab,Bamlanivimab),康复期血和疫苗血清对抗变种的中和活性.
主要成果:
- 所有测试的SARS-CoV-2变种仍然容易受到可溶性ACE2,Camostat,EK-1和EK-1-C4等进入抑制剂的阻断.
- 在B.1.351和P.1变种中,分别对治疗抗体Casirivimab和Bamlanivimab表现出部分或完全的耐药性.
- 来自COVID-19康复者的血和BNT162b2接种疫苗的血清在抑制这些变体的进入方面表现出较低的有效性.
结论:
- SARS-CoV-2 变种可以对中和抗体反应产生抗性,包括来自治疗抗体,康复期血和疫苗的抗体.
- 这些发现凸显了病毒免疫逃脱的潜力,并对正在进行的控制COVID-19大流行的策略产生了重大影响.
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