快速的气味动态编码在嗅觉系统和指导行为
在PubMed上查看摘要
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。小鼠可以检测到快速的,毫秒级的气味波动, 这揭示了哺乳动物的嗅觉系统
科学领域
- 神经科学
- 嗅觉系统研究
- 感官处理
背景情况
- 气味羽毛表现出快速的度波动,可能包含环境信息.
- 哺乳动物嗅觉系统利用时间性气味结构的能力在很大程度上还未被探索.
研究的目的
- 研究哺乳动物的嗅觉系统是否能够从快速的时间性气味模式中提取环境信息.
- 确定小鼠时性嗅觉区分的频率极限和神经基础.
主要方法
- 用小鼠进行操作者调节实验,
- 嗅觉球活动的体内成像和电生理记录.
- 对气味度数据的时间相关性分析.
主要成果
- 嗅觉受体神经元对10毫秒的气味脉冲有明显的反应.
- 鼠标成功辨别了高达40赫兹的气味时间相关性.
- 中心细胞和状细胞很容易从神经活动中提取相关信息.
- 时间性气味相关性预测气味源在复杂的空气流中的位置.
结论
- 哺乳动物的嗅觉系统对气味刺激的时间特征进行了惊人的处理.
- 时间性气味动态使得动物能够解决源分离和定位等挑战.
- 小鼠利用时间气味结构来获取空间信息.
相关概念视频
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...

