星际彗星2I/博里索夫彗星中的气态原子
1Astronomical Observatory, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland. piotr.guzik@doctoral.uj.edu.pl.
Nature
|May 20, 2021
概括
星际彗星2I/Borisov与太阳系彗星有着惊人的相似之处. 科学家在它的冷昏迷中检测到原子蒸气, 这对于如此遥远的物体是第一次.
科学领域:
- 天文学与天体物理学
- 星球科学
- 彗星科学
背景情况:
- 星际彗星2I/博里索夫于2019年被发现,其特征与太阳系彗星相似,与其前身1I/'Oumuamua不同.
- 之前的观测发现了2I/Borisov中熟悉的彗星排放 (CN,C2,OH,CO),这表明其组成类似于富含一氧化碳的太阳系彗星.
- 金属蒸气通常在高温 (>700 K) 的彗星中被观察到,并且通常仅限于遮阳或遮阳彗星.
研究的目的:
- 在星际彗星2I/Borisov的冷昏迷中调查金属蒸气的存在.
- 确定检测到的金属物种的来源和生产率.
- 为了比较2I/Borisov与太阳系彗星的金属元素组成.
主要方法:
- 在2I/博里索夫进行了光谱观测,其日中心距离为2.322天文单位.
- 分析的重点是探测彗星的冷昏迷 (平衡温度为180K) 中的原子金属蒸气.
- 与常见彗星分子 (OH,CN) 相比,检测到的金属的生产率的量化.
主要成果:
- 在2I/Borisov的冷昏迷中通过光谱检测到原子蒸气.
- 似乎源自一个短命的含分子.
- 据估计,的生产速度为每秒0.9±0.3×10^22个原子,相对于OH和CN,这一比例很小.
结论:
- 在2I/博里索夫的冷昏迷中检测到气相挑战了关于彗星中金属蒸气存在的先前假设.
- 这一发现与最近在太阳系彗星的冷昏迷中观察到的铁和相一致.
- 星际彗星可能与太阳系彗星的组成相似,包括金属元素.
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