针对人类SARS-CoV-2变种的Ad26.COV2.S疫苗的免疫性
Galit Alter1,2, Jingyou Yu1, Jinyan Liu1
1Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Nature
|June 9, 2021
概括
在Ad26.COV2.S疫苗中,针对SARS-CoV-2变种B.1.351和P.1的中和抗体减少. 然而,T细胞反应和其他抗体功能在很大程度上保持,提供潜在的保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 疫苗学
- 病毒学
背景情况:
- Ad26.COV2.S疫苗已显示出对包括B.1.351变种在内的症状性COVID-19的有效性.
- 这种疫苗对SARS-CoV-2变种的免疫性需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 评估Ad26.COV2.S疫苗对SARS-CoV-2变种产生的幽默和细胞免疫反应.
- 评估疫苗诱导中和非中抗体反应以及T细胞免疫力的影响.
主要方法:
- 从I-IIa阶段临床试验中对20名用Ad26.COV2.S接种疫苗的个体进行免疫反应分析.
- 测量伪病毒中和抗体标位,结合抗体标位,抗体依赖细胞化,补体沉积,NK细胞激活和CD4/CD8T细胞反应.
- 对原始SARS-CoV-2菌株 (WA1/2020) 和变种 (B.1.1.7,CAL.20C,P.1,B.1.351) 的反应进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与WA1/ 2020相比,Ad26. COV2. S诱导的中和抗体标位对B.1. 351 (减少5. 0倍) 和P.1 (减少3. 3倍) 的中位数显著降低.
- 与B.1.351 (2.9倍) 和P.1 (2.7倍) 变种相比,中位结合抗体标位也降低了.
- 抗体依赖的细胞化,补充体沉积和NK细胞激活在很大程度上与B.1.351变异保持一致.
- 在所有测试的SARS-CoV-2菌株和变种中,CD8和CD4 T细胞的反应是可比的.
结论:
- 对Ad26.COV2.S的中和抗体反应在对抗SARS-CoV-2变种B.1.351和P.1方面有所减弱.
- 功能性非中和抗体反应和T细胞免疫力在很大程度上保持不变,这表明疫苗的持续保护潜力.
- 这些发现对了解Ad26.COV2.S疫苗对新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种的有效性具有重要意义.
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