细胞巨核病毒颠覆了巨的身份
Sebastian Baasch1, Piero Giansanti2, Julia Kolter1
1Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Cell
|June 11, 2021
概括
细胞巨病毒 (CMV) 将巨细胞重新编程成类似干细胞,改变免疫反应并促进病毒的传播. 这种重新编程会损害先天免疫力,促进主要的CMV和次要的细菌感染.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 细胞生物学
背景情况:
- 细胞巨核病毒 (CMV) 由于与哺乳动物宿主长期共同进化,具有很高的宿主特异性和流行率.
- 巨细胞是屏障组织的关键免疫细胞, 对于对抗CMV等病原体的初始防御至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究CMV感染对巨细胞身份和功能的影响.
- 阐明CMV操纵巨细胞进行病毒增殖和传播的机制.
主要方法:
- 分析CMV感染时的巨细胞转化,包括形态,免疫类型和代谢变化.
- 研究Wnt信号传递和转录因子ZEB1在CMV诱导的巨细胞重编程中的作用.
- 在肺小鼠CMV感染模型中评估重编程大细胞的后果.
主要成果:
- CMV感染诱导巨细胞获得干性特征,改变迁移,侵入性和细胞周期调节.
- 对于这种复杂的巨细胞转化过程,Wnt信号传递和ZEB1具有关键作用.
- 在肺部感染中,小鼠CMV会重编程肺膜巨细胞,抑制炎症反应并使二次细菌感染成为可能.
结论:
- CMV极大地改变了巨细胞的身份,超过了典型的细胞可塑性极限.
- 病毒重新连接巨细胞分化的途径以增强病毒的传播并损害先天的组织免疫力.
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