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感染1年后自然增强对SARS-CoV-2的中和能力

Zijun Wang¹, Frauke Muecksch², Dennis Schaefer-Babajew¹

¹Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.

|June 14, 2021

概括

从COVID-19中康复的个体的免疫力在长达一年内保持稳定. 疫苗接种进一步增强了抗体反应,提供了对SARS-CoV-2变种的保护.

科学领域:

免疫学
病毒学
传染性疾病

背景情况:

由SARS-CoV-2引起的COVID-19大流行仍然是一个全球性的健康挑战.
新出现的变种由于传播能力和抗体耐药性增加而带来风险.
了解感染和接种疫苗后的长期免疫力对于控制流行病至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估SARS-CoV-2感染后个体体体内免疫力的持久性.
评估mRNA疫苗对COVID-19康复者的免疫反应的影响.
研究持续和扩大抗体反应的机制.

主要方法:

在63名从COVID-19中康复的个人中进行了长度队列研究.
感染后1. 3个月,6. 2个月和12个月的抗体反应,中和活性和B细胞记忆的评估.
在未接种疫苗和mRNA接种疫苗的康复患者中分析免疫反应.

主要成果:

在未接种疫苗的人群中,抗体反应性和中和活性在感染后6-12个月保持稳定.
mRNA疫苗显著增强了体内免疫反应,包括对变种的中和活性.
身体突变,B细胞循环和有力的抗体克隆的选择性保留有助于广泛的免疫.

结论:

COVID-19 康复者免疫力可能长期存在.
对康复期患者的mRNA疫苗接种会产生强大而广泛的抗体和B细胞记忆反应.
这些反应预计将对当前和新出现的SARS-CoV-2变种提供保护.

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