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软毛树木小鼠的回声定位

Kai He^1,2, Qi Liu^1,3, Dong-Ming Xu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|June 18, 2021

概括

软毛树鼠 (Typhlomys) 使用回声定位在黑暗中导航. 这项研究提供了它们发射超声波脉冲的能力的证据,

科学领域:

动物学
生物声学
进化生物学

背景情况:

超声波是各种动物用来感知环境的感觉系统.
在几种哺乳动物中,回声定位能力是独立进化的.

研究的目的:

在软毛树鼠 (Typhlomys) 中研究回声定位的潜力.
确定这个物种的回声定位的解剖学和遗传基础.

主要方法:

在黑暗中评估避难障碍的行为实验.
骨分析侧重于耳骨和耳骨.
听力相关基因的基因分析,包括普雷斯.

主要成果:

软毛树小鼠使用听觉线索和超声波发声来导航和避开障碍的能力.
观察到与蝙蝠相似的骨和 tympanic 区域的独特融合.
在Typhlomys和其他回声定位哺乳动物中发现了听觉和回声定位基因 (前列素) 的融合进化.

结论:

软毛树鼠具有回声定位的能力.
这一发现确立了一种能够声定位的新哺乳动物血统.
这项研究强调了回声定位的发展趋同.

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