单层石墨烯中的迪拉克电子的有效费索阻力
Wenyu Zhao1, Sihan Zhao1, Hongyuan Li1,2,3
1Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Nature
|June 24, 2021
概括
科学家在石墨烯中观察到Fizeau阻力,即光速的变化. 这种等离子多普勒效应显示了增强的等离子极子速度与电子流,使电气控制.
科学领域:
- 凝聚物质物理学
- 量子光学
- 材料科学
背景情况:
- 菲佐的1850年的实验证明了光速在移动媒体中的变化.
- 通过电流在快速移动的电子介质中实现有效的光速控制一直是个挑战.
- 电子与光之间的强合表明,电子流系统中的Fizeau阻力可能表现为等离子多普勒效应.
研究的目的:
- 在快速漂移的电子介质中实验观察等离子极子的费索阻力.
- 在强电偏差下研究单层石墨烯的等离子多普勒效应.
- 为了证明非互惠的表面等离子极子的电控制.
主要方法:
- 使用具有高电子流动性和缓慢等离子传播的强偏向单层石墨烯.
- 使用低温近场红外纳米镜来成像等离子极子模式.
- 在低温下测量多普勒移动等离子体波长.
主要成果:
- 在石墨烯中直接观察到等离子极子的费索阻力.
- 由于快速漂移的迪拉克电子,证明了非互惠的等离子传播.
- 测量了与电子漂移移动的等离子波长差异高达3.6%.
结论:
- 在电子系统中成功观察到等离子多普勒效应,特别是偏向的石墨烯.
- 这项工作克服了与常规金属中的高等离子速度相关的先前挑战.
- 在非平衡系统中,这些发现为非互惠的表面等离子极子提供了电气控制途径.
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