SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗注射诱导了对 NTD,RBD 和 S2 的功能性多样性抗体
Fatima Amanat1, Mahima Thapa2, Tinting Lei2
1Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Cell
|June 30, 2021
概括
SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗引起强烈的抗体反应,但大多数疫苗诱导的抗体缺乏对病毒的中和活性. 然而,一些抗体可能会对特定的SARS-CoV-2变体进行保护.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 病毒学
- 疫苗学
背景情况:
- SARS-CoV-2 (严重急性呼吸道综合征冠状病毒2) mRNA 疫苗诱导显著的免疫反应.
- 了解疫苗诱导抗体的特征对于评估疫苗有效性和预测对病毒变异的保护至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从接种了SARS-CoV-2尖端mRNA疫苗的个人中分析疫苗诱导的多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体 (mAbs).
- 将疫苗接种后的抗体反应与自然 SARS-CoV-2 感染后的抗体反应进行比较.
主要方法:
- 疫苗诱导的多克隆抗体的分析.
- 血原单克隆抗体 (mAbs) 的分离和表征.
- 对SARS-CoV-2和季节性冠状病毒的抗体结合和中和活性的评估.
主要成果:
- 疫苗诱导的多克隆抗体反应强烈,与自然感染后的抗体反应相当或超过.
- 接种疫苗后与中和抗体的结合比率高于感染后.
- 大多数疫苗诱导的mAbs缺乏中和活性,同时针对尖端蛋白的NTD和RBD的抗体占主导地位.
- 对季节性冠状病毒 (OC43和HKU1) 原始抗原性罪状反应的证据.
- 对具有E484K突变的变体,NTD mAbs的中和活性被取消,而RBD结合抗体显示出潜在的保护作用.
结论:
- 虽然 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗引发了强烈的抗体反应,但很大一部分诱导的抗体,特别是 mAbs,可能没有中和活性.
- 疫苗诱导的RBD结合抗体可能对携带E484K突变的特定SARS-CoV-2变种提供保护.
- 这项研究强调了疫苗接种的抗体反应的复杂性以及与季节性冠状病毒的潜在交叉反应性.
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